Explosion-engine.



Patented Aug. 10, 1909.

ANDREW. B. GHANA" OD. IMDIJ'DMMPMBRS} WASWNGTDN. Q38.

.sure chamber the ex 7 movement,

= CHARLES TURN R- BROWN, or cnIcAeo, ILLINOIS.

ExPLosIoN-ENGrNE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 10, 1909.

Application filed March 4, '1907. Serial No. 360,514.

To all whom it mag concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES TURNER BROWN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Chicago, in thecountyof Cook and State of Illinois, have inventedc'er'tain new and useful Improvements in Explosion Engines, of which the following, when taken in connection with thedra'win'g accom anying and forming a part hereof, is a fu and complete description, those skilled in the .art to which it pertains to understand, make, and use the same.

olene or alcohol engines of the kind known in the art as two cycle engines.

The object of the invention'is to obtain a two cycle engine in which the discharge of ezgploded gases and the charge of gases suita e, be quickly and into the explosion chamber of the engine. And a further object of the invention is to obtain an engine oIthe kind named whichhas a considerable range of-working' capacity and I which is easily controlled to vary thef'work Q done thereby.

.The manner in which I efiect theobjects sought by me is shown in the constructions illustrated in the drawing referred to,"in' which i T Figure l is a horizontal section 'of the se v-' parts of the eng1'rie,.on'l1'ne viewed nlthe direction India eral cylindrical 11 of Fig. 3,

cated bythearrows. Fig. 2 is ahoriz'ontal section on line 22 of Fig. 4, viewed in the Fig. 3 is Fig. 4, by {the arrows; and Fig. 4 is 'a vertical section online 44 of Fig. 2, viewed in the direction indidirectionindicated by the arrows; a vertical section, on line 3-3 ofviewed in the direction indicated cated by the arrows. I A referencecharacter appliedto designate a given part is used tdindiCatesuoh; part throughout the several figures ingf fivherever the same appears. contained in the constructions whereby-there is obtained 1st., a reduced pressure chamber of varying size, at plosion chamber, into which reduced presloded gases are dis.- charged from the ex the piston is near' t chamber is of sufficientcapacity, at the time of the discharge thereinto of exploded gases,

which, at the time of its suflicient to enable when compressed, to be exploded, will certainly effected from and I of the draw-I osio n chamber, when e end of we forward and WlllOll. reduced pressure to contain such gases at a pressure not greater than the pressure such gas'es are subjected to in the explosion chamber at the time of the discharge thereof therefrom; and 2nd, a compression chamber of varying capacity in smallest cubical capacity, "so large a volume of explosive gases is 'contained'that when the pressures of the gases in such-compression chamber and in the explosion chamber is equalized by the openingof a passageway between such'comp I pression and explosion'chambers, the pres-' TlllS invention relates particularly tofgas sure in both .thereofis greater than atmosphericpressure, Q 1

Additionalfeatures are' hereinafter specificallylreferr'ed to and described.

A is the shell of the crank case of the engine, preferably consisting of side and end walls and the removable bottom a.

a, a are the bolts or cap screws by means of which the bottom ct is secured to the side and end walls B, B are the ournal bearings of the crank shaft of the engine, and C is the crank shaft.

' Dd is the piston, and E 'isthe connection between crank shaft lower 'endof the piston'Ddis cut out at d, d, d at points where necessary to permit such lower end to extend into the crank case or shell A and not-come into contact with the journalfbearings of the crank shaft or with theconnection E.

' F isa pivot by which the connection E is attachedto the iston Dd, and is preferably a hollow'p'inoi tile kind'u'sually employed.

G9 is the cylinder of the engine.

Parts Dd of the piston are of different diameters, (D being of smaller diameter) and part's'Gg of. the cylinder are also of different diameters, to correspond, respectively, with thediameters of the piston. Piston Dd is fitted in the cylinder G9 to move longitudinally', in the ordinary way,

' H, H, and h, '72,, are, respectively, the

I spring rings of the piston Dd. e principalfeatures of the invention are I is the explosion chamber of the engine,

, and J is the reduced pressure chamber thereof each explosion in the ex- K is'la chamb er the walls whereof consist of shell A, part 9' of the cylinder Gg, and the movable piston'Dd. ,On the upward movefment of the piston Dd explosive gases are drawn into the chamber J from asuitable source of supply, as say, through check valve "27, hereinafter described on the downward movement of such piston'the explosive gases.

C and piston Dd. The I of cylinder Gg to in such chamber K are compressed to above atmospheric pressure; and on the uncovering of the inlet end of the passage way L (when piston Dd is near the end of its forward movement), such compressed gases are delivered into the explosion chamber I, (or a part of said compressed gases are so delivered) from such chamber K, and I therefore term this chamber K the compression chamber of the engine. The discharge end of the passage way L is covered by part D of the piston Dd, except when such piston is near the end of its forward movement, at which time such part D of such piston passes beyond such end of the passage way, thereby opening the end thereof into the explosion chamber, and such inlet end remains open until such part D of the piston, on its return movement again covers it.

M is the outlet from explosion chamber I and is opened and closed by part D of piston Dd in the same manner and nearly at the same time as the inlet end of passage way L is opened and closed thereby. Outlet M communicates (through branch passage way m) with the reduced pressure chamber J and with the discharge pipe N.

a is a check valve in pipe N, to permit the flow of gases from the reduced pressure chamber J through such pipe N to waste.

N is a pipe discharging into compression chamber K, and n is a check valve permitting the flow of gases through pipe N into such chamber K. Check valves 7% and n are respectively arranged to permit the flow of gases in one direction only. The inlet end of the pipe N is in communication with a suitable source of supply of explosive gases.

VJ here water is used for cooling the engine, 0 is the water jacket, I is the water chamber, Q, the water inlet and Q the water outlet, respectively.

It, 7" are oil inlets by means of which parts D and d of the piston Dd are, respectively, lubricated.

S is a spark plug.

T is a deflector on the top of part D of piston Dd, by means of which explosive gases entering the explosion chamber I from the inlet end of passage way L are directed toward the top of such explosion chamber and not permitted to flow directly across such chamber into the outlet M.

U, U, are cap screws attaching the part 9 shell A.

The e )eration of the engine is as follows Piston d being in its initial position, (as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawing), upon the cranking of the engine such piston will descend until the top of part D thereof is below the inlet end of passage way L and below the outlet M. As the piston descends the reduced )ressure chamber J is enlarged in substantidlly the same ratio that the explosion chamber I is enlarged, and at the expelled through same time the compression chamber K is reduced in size. The diameter of part d of the piston Dd (in part g of the cylinder Gg), being larger than the diameter of part I) thereof in the explosion chamber I, a larger volume of air, under pressure, may be obtained in such compression chamber K, at the time the inlet end of passage way 11 is uncovered by such descent of the piston, than can be at such time contained, at the same pressure, in the explosion chamber. When the passage ways L and M are uncovered the pressure in the explosion chamber I being greater than the pressure in the reduced pressure chamber J a sudden flow of the gases from such explosion chamber is induced into such reduced pressure chamber, through outlet M and branch m, while at the same time a flow of the contents of the compression chamber K into the explosion chamber I, is induced through such passage way L. The cubical capacity of the reduced pressure chamberJ at the time the outlet M is closed by the return movement of the piston E may be, say, not less than the cubical capacity of the explosion chamber I at such time and hence all the contents of the explosion chamber may be contained in such reduced pressure chamber at a pressure not greater-than obtains at such time in such explosion chamber; and the cubical contents of the compression chamber K at the time the passage way L is opened to permit the discharge of the contents of the compression chamber into the explosion chamber being greater than the cubical capacity of the explosion chamber at the same pressure, the pressure in the con'ipression chamber K is above atmospheric pressure at the time the pressure in the compression chamber and the explosion chamber 1s equalized by the flow of gases from such compression chamber into the explosion chamber. As the piston returns from its extreme forward position to its initial position the centents of the reduced pressure chamber J are branch m, outlet M. and discharge pipe N, the contents of the explosion chamber I are compressed and a fresh supply of explosive gases is drawn into conipression chamber K. I/Vhen an explosion of the compressed gases in the explosion chamber is effected by an electric spark in spark plug S, in the ordinary Way, the engine will be actuated. When the engine is operating the discharge of exploded gases and the receiving, compression and explosion of fresh charges of gases are obtained at each revolution of the crank shaft.

The pipe N and check valve n are not necessarily located at the point shown by full lines in Fig. 4, as such pipe and check valve may be placed at the point indicated by broken lines in such Fig. 4, if preferred.

In case the check valve n is not used in pi e N substantially atmosphericpressure wi l, at all times, obtain in reduced pressure chamber K and the discharge of exploded gases from explosion chamber I will be effected by the higher pressure, of'the gases entering such explosion chamber through passage way L from compression chamber K. 1

Having thus described. my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The combination of a piston of two diameters, a cylinder of corresponding diameters, such piston longitudinally movable in the cylinder, and a closed crank case, the part of the cylinder of smaller diameter provided with passage ways communicating, respectively, with the part of the cylinder of larger diameter and with the crank case, and the part of the cylinder of larger diameter provided with a discharge passage way, such piston and cylinder arranged so that when the piston is near the end of its forward movement the ends of the passage ways from the part of the cylinder of smaller diameter are uncovered; substantially as described.

2. Thecombination of a piston of two diameters, a cylinder of corresponding diameters, such piston longitudinally movable in the cylinder, a closed crank case, the part of the cylinder of smaller diameter provided with passage ways in communication, respectively, with the part of the cylinder of larger diameter and part of the cylinder of larger diameter provided with a discharge passage way, the crank case provided with an inlet passage way and a check valve to such'inlet passage way arranged to permit the flow of ases into the crank case, and such pistonan arranged so that when the piston is near the end of its forward movement the ends of the passage ways from the part of the cylinder of smaller dlameter are uncovered; substantially as described.

3. The combination of a piston of two di-' ameters, a cylinder of corresponding diameters, such plston longitudinally movable 1n the cylinder, a closed crank case, the part of the cylinder of smaller diameter provided with pass age ways in ccmmunicatlon, respec-- tively, with the part of the cylinder of larger with the crank case, and the cylinder the flow of gases into diameter and with the crank case and the part of the cylinder of larger diameter-provided with a discharge passage way, a check valve in such discharge passage way arranged to permit'the flow of gases from the part of the cylinder of larger diameter, and the crank caseprovided with an inlet passage Way, a check valve to such inlet passage way arranged to permit the flow of gases into the crank case, and such piston and cylinder arprovided with a movable wall the capacity of said reduced pressure chamber not ess than the capacity of the 'combustlon chamber, and means to obtain a compression chamber of greater cubical capacity than the explosion chamber, such com ression chamber provided with a movab e wall of greater area than the movable wall of the explosion chamber, means, to provide communication between the compression chamber and the explosion chamber on the outward movement of the movable wall of such explosion chamber, means to establish communication between the explosion chamber and the reducedpressure chamber on such outward movement of such movable wall of the explosion chamber, and means to cut out communication between the compression chamber'and reduced pressure chambers, respectively, and the ex losion chamber on the inward movement 01' such movable wall, means 7 to establish a discharge passage way from the reduced pressure chamber and means to control the same to permit the flow of gases from such reduced pressure chamber, and means i to provide an inlet to the compression chamoer and means to control the same to permit the compression chamber; substantially as described.

' CHARLES TURNER BROWN.

In the presence of CORA A. 'AnAMs, ALFRED N. TAGERT. 

